1.
Fundatio Domus Bellelandae, in Dugdale, Monasticon, V, p. 350.
For a translation, see F. Stenton, The First Century of English
Feudalism 1066-1166 (2nd edn. Oxford, 1961), p. 72-3.
2. J. Burton, ‘The origins and development of the religious
orders in Yorkshire c. 1069-c. 1200’ [York D. Phil., 1977],
p. 179.
3. Burton, ‘The origins and development’, p. 183.
4. J. Burton, ‘The settlement of disputes between Byland
Abbey and Newburgh Priory’, Yorkshire Archaeological
Journal
55 (1983), pp. 67-72, at p. 68.
5. Burton, ‘The origins and development of the religious
orders’, pp. 180-182.
6. Dugdale, Monasticon V, p. 343; P. Fergusson, Architecture
of Solitude: Cistercian Abbeys in Twelfth-Century England (Princeton,
1984), p. 72.
7. A History of Nidderdale, ed. B. Jennings (Huddersfield, 1967),
pp. 38-39.
8. A History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, pp. 38-39, p. 42.
9. For a detailed discussion of Byland’s holdings in Westmorland,
see J. Burton, ‘Charters of Byland Abbey relating to the
grange of Bleatern, Westmorland’, Transactions of the
Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 79 (1979),
pp. 29-50.
10. Burton, ‘Charters of Byland Abbey relating to the grange
of Bleatern, Westmorland’.
11. Yorkshire Deeds VI, ed. C. T. Clay, Yorkshire Archaeological
Society Record Ser. LXXVI (1930), no 183 (p. 56); no. 178 (p. 55).
12. Yorkshire Deeds VI no. 168 (p. 51)
13. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 156 (p. 47).
14. Yorkshire Deeds VIII, ed. C. T. Clay, Yorkshire Archaeological
Society Record Ser. 102 (1940), no 162 (p. 58).
15. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 158 (pp. 47-48).
16. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 542 (p. 164).
17. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 74 (p. 23).
18. Yorkshire Deeds I, ed. W. Brown (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Rec.
Series XXXIX, 1909), nos. 440 (pp. 167-168) and 447 (p. 162).
19. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 249 (p. 73).
20. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 176 (p. 54).
21. R. Donkin, The Cistercians: Studies in the Geography of
Medieval England and Wales (Toronto, 1978), p. 76
22. D. Williams, The Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages (Leominster,
1998), p. 73; Clay ‘Early abbots’, p. 36; B. Jennings,
Yorkshire Monasteries: Cloister, Land and People (Otley, 1999),
pp. 81, 84.
23. Burton, ‘Charters of Byland Abbey relating to the grange
of Bleatern’, p. 32.
24. History of Nidderdale, Jennings, pp. 43-44.
25. For examples, see Notes on the Religious and Secular Houses
of Yorkshire, I, p. 32, nos. 23, 24, 25.
26. Notes on the Religious and Secular Houses of Yorkshire, I,
ed. W. Baildon (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Record Series XVII; 1895),
p. 29, no. 5; p. 31, no. 14.
27. Notes on the Religious and Secular Houses of Yorkshire, I,
ed. W. Baildon (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Record Series XVII; 1895),
p. 32: 23.
28. Notes on the Religious and Secular Houses of Yorkshire, I,
ed. W. Baildon (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Record Series XVII; 1895),
p. 31 no. 18; pp. 31-32, no. 20.
29. Yorkshire Deeds VI, ed. C. Clay (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Rec.
Series LXXVI, 1930), no. 177 (p. 54).
30. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 75 (pp. 23-24).
31. A History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, pp. 43-44.
32. Wardrop, Fountains Abbey and its Benefactors, p. 87.
33. Yorkshire Deeds VIII no. 48 (p. 19).
34. History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, pp. 104-105.
35. Notes on the Religious and Secular Houses of Yorkshire, I,
p. 32, no. 22.
36. Yorkshire Deeds VI, ed. CL Clay (Yorkshire Arch. Soc. Rec.
Series LXXVI, 1930), no. 16 (p. 5).
37. Yorkshire Deeds IX, ed. M. J. Hebditch, Yorkshire Arch. Soc.
Rec. Ser. CXI (1948), no. 331 (p. 131).
38. Burton, Monastic Order in Yorkshire, p. 255.
39. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 63.
40. A History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, p. 376.
41. J. Burton, Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain 1000-1300 (Cambridge, 1994), p. 253.
42. F. J. Banks, ‘Monastic agriculture: a farmer’s
view, with special reference to Byland Abbey’, Ryedale
Historian 15 (1990), pp. 16-20, at p. 16.
43. Burton, Monastic Order in Yorkshire, p. 227.
44. The History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, pp. 38-39.
45. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 155 (pp. 46-47).
46. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 33 (pp. 10-11).
47. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 99.
48. Burton, Monastic Order in Yorkshire, p. 229; J. Fletcher, The
Cistercians in Yorkshire (London, 1919), pp. 113-114 (citing figures
taken from the assize case of 1249).
49. B. Waites, Monasteries and Landscape in North East England (Oakham, 1997), pp. 186, 191; Williams, Cistercians
in the Early Middle Ages, p. 360; J. McDonnell, ‘A gazetteer of local
place names in the vicinity of Byland Abbey and Newburgh Priory’,
Ryedale Historian 5 (1970), pp. 41-63, at p. 45.
50. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 68.
51. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 76.
52. Williams, Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages, p. 353
53. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 166 (pp. 50-51).
54. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 184 (p. 56).
55. A History of Nidderdale, ed. Jennings, pp. 38-39.
56. Yorkshire Deeds VI, no. 74, p. 23.
57. Williams, Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages, pp. 376, 380.
58. Waites, Monasteries and Landscape, p. 157.
59. C. J. Bond, in L’Espace Cistercien, pp. 371-372.
60. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 188.
61. C. J. Bond, ‘Cistercian mills in England and Wales: a
preliminary survey’ in L’Espace Cistercien, ed. L.
Pressouyre (Paris, 1994), pp. 364-377 at p. 372; Burton, Monastic
Order in Yorkshire, p. 233.
62. J. McDonnell and M. Everest, ‘The waterworks of Byland
Abbey’, Ryedale Historian 1 (1965), pp. 32-39, at p. 36.
63. Abbot Roger of Byland quitclaimed the community’s right
to mine stone in Claverlay to William in return for his land and
wood in Buttis, which lay beside ten acres that the abbey owned
there. In addition, William quitclaimed all his mine of stone and
land they held of him and others in Denby,
64. Yorkshire Deeds, vol. VI, no. 163 (pp. 49-50).
65. Jennings, Yorkshire Monasteries, pp. 75-76.
66. Williams, The Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages, p. 220;
for details of this grange, see Platt, The Monastic Grange (1969),
pp. 239-240.
67. Bond, Monastic Landscapes, p. 344.
68. Yorkshire Deeds, VI, no. 155 (pp. 46-47).
69. Yorkshire Deeds VIII, no 162 (p. 58).
70. Yorkshire Deeds V, ed. C. T. Clay, YAS Rec. Ser. LXIX (1926),
no 19 (p. 8).
71. Burton, Monastic Order in Yorkshire, p. 232.
72. J. McDonnell, Inland Fisheries in Medieval Yorkshire, Borthwick
Papers 60 (York, 1981), p. 16.
73. BL Stowe Ch., 483.
74. J. Bond, ‘Production and consumption of food and drink
in the medieval monastery’, in Monastic Archaeology, ed.
G. Keevill, M. Aston and T. Hall (Oxford, 2001), pp. 54-87, at
p. 74. The following survey is based on McDonell’s analysis,
in his ‘Inland fisheries’, and J. McDonnell, M. R.
Everest, ‘The waterworks of Byland Abbey’, Ryedale
Historian 1 (1965), pp. 32-39.
75. McDonnell, ‘Inland fisheries’, p. 33.
76. McDonnell, ‘Inland fisheries’, p. 12.
77. For further discussion, see also Everest and McDonnell, ‘The
waterworks of Byland Abbey’; J. McDonnell and G. W. Goodall, ‘More
about Byland Abbey fishponds’, Ryedale Historian 7 (1974),
pp. 75-76; R. Kemp, ‘A fishkeeper’s store at Byland
Abbey’, Ryedale Historian 12 (1984), pp. 44-51.
78. Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 166.
79. J. Kaner, ‘Clifton and medieval woolhouses’, York
Historian 8 (1988), pp. 2-10, at pp. 4, 9.
80. Donkin, The Cistercians, pp. 142, 195.
81. McDonnell, ‘A gazetteer of place names’, pp. 45-46;
Donkin, The Cistercians, p. 193.
82. Waites, Monasteries and Landscape, pp. 190, 191.
83. Kaner, ‘Clifton and medieval woolhouses’, pp. 7-8.
84. Kaner, ‘Clifton and medieval woolhouses’, p. 9.
85. The Register of William Greenfield, Lord Archbishop of
York, 1306-1315 I, no. 1082 (pp. 191-192); see too p. xlii; Kaner, ‘Clifton
and medieval woolhouses’, pp. 8-9.
86. Kaner, ‘Clifton and medieval woolhouses’, p. 9.
87. For this, and what follows, see J. McDonnell, Inland Fisheries,
pp. 24 ff.; Bond, Monastic Landscapes, pp. 199-200; J. McDonnell
and M. R. Everest, ‘The waterworks of Byland Abbey’,
Ryedale Historian 1 (1965), pp. 32-39.
88. McDonnell and Everest, ‘The waterworks of Byland Abbey’,
p. 35.
