Cistercian hospitality

1. Ecclesiastica Officia, p. 334.
2. There were two guestmasters at Salem, Germany, in 1300; one tended ‘decent folk’, the other ministered to ‘lower guests’, D. Williams, The Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages (Leominster, 1998), p. 127.
3. In the twelfth century the Empress Matilda made a grant to Mortemer in Rouen for the erection of two stone houses so that there would be separate accommodation for merchants, the poor, religious and the rich, Fondation de Mortemer, pp 149-68, at p. 159.
4. D. Williams, The Cistercians in the Early Middle Ages (Leominster, 1998), p. 156.
5. Gerald of Wales, The Journey through Wales, tr. L. Thorpe (Harmondsworth, 1978), p. 127.
6. Gerald of Wales, Giraldi Cambrensis Opera III, ed. J. S. Brewer (Rolls Series), pp 201-2.
7. Ecclesiastica Officia, p. 312.
8. Ecclesiastica Officia, p. 312; Rule of St Benedict, ch. 53.
9. The Testament of Gervase of Louth Park, ed. C. H. Talbot, Analecti Sacri Ordinis Cisterciensis, 7 (Rome, 1951), pp. 32-45, at p. 39.
10. Canivez, Statutes, I, 1215: 48.
11. Ralph of Coggeshall, Chronicon Anglicanum, ed. J. Stevenson (London, 1875), p. 134.
12. Gerald of Wales, Giraldi Cambrensis Opera IV, pp. 211-2.
13. Canivez, Statutes, I, 1192: 15; 1175: 8.
14. John of Salsibury, Ioannis Saresberiensis Episcopi Carnotensis Policratici, ed. C. Webb (2 vols.; Oxford, 1909), II, p. 326.
15. Walter Map, De Nugis Curialium - Courtier's Trifles (1983), p. 86.
16. Gerald of Wales, Giraldi Opera, IV, p. 212. For the different foods served to different guests in the late thirteenth century, see, for example the Beaulieu Account Book, pp. 271, 273.
17. Gerald of Wales, Giraldi Opera, IV pp. 210-11.
18. Account Book of Beaulieu Abbey, ed. S. F. Hockey, Camden Soc. Fourth Ser. (1975), pp. 271-276. For a summary of the account book, see C. Talbot, ‘The account book of Beaulieu Abbey’, Cîteaux in de Nederlanden (1958), pp. 189-210.
19. Tudor Treatises, pp. 94, 97.
20. For example, see Memorials of Fountains III, pp. 50 (figs), 51(walnuts), 56 (pears), 89 (fish), 25 (oysters), 49 (quails), 14, 19 (partridges), 61 (venison).
21. Coppack, Fountains Abbey, p. 141.
22. For example, see Memorials of Fountains III, pp. pp. 17, 18, 19, 59, 60, 61.
23. The Compotus of Sawley (1381), cited in Mullin, Cistercians in Yorkshire, p. 38.
24. Savine, English Monasteries on the Eve of the Dissolution, p. 241.